Changes between Version 40 and Version 41 of Other/Summer/2024/signal
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- Aug 6, 2024, 2:56:51 PM (7 weeks ago)
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Other/Summer/2024/signal
v40 v41 11 11 In recent years, there has been a desire to expand the bandwidth of communication standards such as LTE and 5G. However, at many of the bandwidths that are desired to be used, there exist legacy signals that cannot be interfered with. This is made even more difficult by Adjacent Channel Interference (ACI), when signals with very close, but distinct frequencies still impede each other.// 12 12 13 **Goal:** 13 **Goal:**// 14 14 15 Build the framework to test signal avoidance. 15 Build the framework to test signal avoidance.// 16 16 17 17 == Devices … … 20 20 The Rhode & Schwarz SMW200A is a vector signal generator with the ability to output signals from 100kHz to 40GHz with a 50 ohm impedance. The SMW200A has the ability to modulate a carrier signal with an arbitrary waveform (.wv file). For the extent of this project, this waveform was generated in python on a personal computer and uploaded to the machine via the ftp protocol.// 21 21 22 **Rhode & Schwarz RTO 6 series** 22 **Rhode & Schwarz RTO 6 series**// 23 23 24 24 The Rhode & Schwarz RTO 6 series is an oscilloscope with the ability to read signals up to 6GHz and a sample rate of 20 giga-samples per second, although when downloading files from the machine, they are unconverted to 100 giga-samples per second. The RTO has built in mathematical functions such as FFTs to display the frequency domain on the machine. Additionally, as hinted earlier, the RTO can save waveforms in a .csv file which can be downloaded through network (the RTO operates as a windows machine). This file can be analyzed on a personal computer.// … … 26 26 [[Image(IMG_3524.JPG, 200px)]]// 27 27 28 Top: RTO 6 series, Bottom: SMW200A 28 Top: RTO 6 series, Bottom: SMW200A// 29 29 30 30 == Concepts 31 {{{#!html 32 <h1 style="font-size: 20px; margin-bottom: 10px; margin-left: 5px;"> 33 What is a Signal? 34 </h1> 35 <p style="font-size: 20px;">Undoubtedly, you have seen audio signals like the one shown below. In fact, Audio and Radio have many links to each other and the audio signal below could very well have been a radio signal.<p> 36 <img scr="https://i.postimg.cc/13xkRc7p/temp-Imagebi-FLjv.avif" style="height: 400px; width: 400px;"></img> 37 <p style="font-size: 20px;">If you would have zoomed into that audio signal you would have seen something like the image below.<p> 38 <img scr="https://i.postimg.cc/rFgf3GXV/Screen-Shot-2024-08-06-at-10-40-56-AM.png" style="height: 400px; width: 400px;"></img> 39 <p style="font-size: 20px;">You may notice that this looks strikingly similar to some sort of sine wave and you would be 100% correct. Every signal can be thought of as a combination of sine waves. Each of theses sine waves has its own frequency, meaning how fast it goes up and down and phase meaning where thee sine wave is centered.<p> 31 **What is a Signal?**// 40 32 41 <h1 style="font-size: 20px; margin-bottom: 10px; margin-left: 5px;"> 42 Frequency Domain 43 </h1> 33 Undoubtedly, you have seen audio signals like the one shown below. In fact, Audio and Radio have many links to each other and the audio signal below could very well have been a radio signal.// 34 35 [[Image()]] 36 37 If you would have zoomed into that audio signal you would have seen something like the image below. 38 39 [[Image()]] 40 41 You may notice that this looks strikingly similar to some sort of sine wave and you would be 100% correct. Every signal can be thought of as a combination of sine waves. Each of theses sine waves has its own frequency, meaning how fast it goes up and down and phase meaning where thee sine wave is centered. 42 43 **Frequency Domain** 44 44 45 45 <h1 style="font-size: 20px; margin-bottom: 10px; margin-left: 5px;">
