Changes between Version 20 and Version 21 of Other/Summer/2023/5G6G


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Timestamp:
Aug 7, 2023, 5:39:23 PM (16 months ago)
Author:
NikhilSampath
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  • Other/Summer/2023/5G6G

    v20 v21  
    55[[Image(5G_NextG Week 9.png, 500px)]]
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    7 A central aspect of the project was developing applications (rApps) and framework services in the Service Management and Orchestration (SMO) framework. The three rApps developed by the team were the Security rApp, Resilience rApp, and !Frequency/Spectrum management rApp. Functions of the framework services included topology maintenance, topology visualization, alarm generation, and spectrum sensing. A block diagram and sequence diagram detailing the layout and dataflow of the SMO framework are shown below.
    8 [[Image(AMQP Diagram (2).png, 500px)]]
     7A central aspect of the project was developing applications (rApps) and framework services in the Service Management and Orchestration (SMO) framework. The three rApps developed by the team were the Security rApp, Resilience rApp, and !Frequency/Spectrum management rApp. Functions of the framework services included topology maintenance, topology visualization, alarm generation, and spectrum sensing. A block diagram and sequence diagram detailing the layout and dataflow of the SMO framework are shown below. All communication between the different functions are through the ORBIT amqp server using the RabbitMQ message-brokering software.
     8[[Image(AMQP Diagram (3).png, 500px)]]
    99[[Image(SystemSequenceDiagram_v3.png, 500px)]]
    1010=== Topology Scenario
    1111To understand and convey the use of the applications and framework services, the group developed a realistic situation in which the work would apply. Say there is a straight-line road running east-west. An example of such a road is shown below, at latitude 38.892 (Washington D.C.).
    1212[[Image(TopologyStoryImage.png, 600)]]
    13 UEs(cellular devices) and RUs could be distributed along the road. There is an assumption that UEs can only connect to a particular RU when the distance is within a certain threshold. The ultimate purpose of the applications is to maintain constant connectivity for a dynamic or static UE along this road. If a UE is connected to multiple paths, connectivity can still be maintained if one of the paths is compromised. Additionally, the transmission of data can be optimized among the paths.
     13UEs(cellular devices) and RUs could be distributed along the road. There is an assumption that UEs can only connect to a particular RU when the distance is within a certain threshold. The ultimate purpose of the applications is to maintain constant connectivity for a dynamic or static UE along this road. If a UE is connected to multiple paths, connectivity can still be maintained if one of the paths is compromised. Additionally, the transmission of data can be optimized among the paths. As detailed below, all of these functions are handled by the SMO.
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    … …  
    4444=== !OpenAirInterface
    4545== SMO Framework Services and Applications
    46 === Framework Services
     46=== Topology Service
     47The topology service maintains updated network topology information. In this model, the topology service receives a json file describing the full topology of the system. The topology service then publishes the topology initialization to the amqp server, and subsequently, the rApps receive initialize their topology information. When a change in topology occurs (due to a security issue), the change goes through the topology service. When the rApps need to update their topology, the process the update from the topology service.
     48
     49The topology service also has topology visualization capabilities. The group experimented with visualization methods including the Python NetworkX library and the !JavaScript D3 library.
     50
    4751=== Security rApp
    48 The Security rApp aims to provide closed-loop control in the SMO. This means that the network would be automatically configured based on changes. The rApp reads information from a Kafkabus regarding information about threats to the system. The existing code makes a graph out of the topology information contained in a JSON file. The program then receives and parses alarms and responds accordingly. In the event of a compromised part, the rApp quarantines the node and updates the access status of the node within the graph object.
     52The Security rApp provides closed-loop control in the SMO. This means that the network would be automatically configured based on changes. The rApp receives security alarms from the RAN network, simulated by an alarm generator. The application then assesses the severity of the alarm, and generates a corresponding response command. The command may be to disable a compromised node, and all of its children nodes as well. The configuration change is sent to a controller for execution. The command would also be forwarded to the topology service, which would update the topology information for the rApps to read.
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    50 [[Image(image.png)]]
    51 === !Topology/Resilience rApp
    52 One method of increasing the resilience and efficiency of a RAN system is to have a single UE device connected to two RAN networks. The individual networks are managed by their own SMOs, which are in turn managed by a master SMO. Using the two networks, the data transfer can be optimized for speed and efficiency. Additionally, if one of the networks were to be compromised, connectivity can be maintained through the other network. A drawing of the system is shown below.
    53 [[Image(ORAN_Topology (1).jpg, 600px)]]
    54 The Resilience rApp in the master SMO can interact with the Resilience rApps in the two networks in order to learn about the topology and the state of the two networks. The master SMO can handle optimization and maintain constant connectivity for the UE. Topology information in the code can be tagged with attributes including cost, availability, performance, and security. This information can be used for optimization purposes.
     54=== Resilience rApp
     55One method of increasing the resilience and efficiency of a RAN system is to have a single UE device connected to two RAN networks. Using the two networks, the data transmission can be optimized for speed, efficiency, and security. Additionally, if one of the networks were to be compromised, connectivity can be maintained through the other network. All nodes are tagged with attributes including cost and security. A drawing of the system is shown below. Upon updating based on changes in topology, the resilience rApp outputs a different distribution of data among the existing paths to a UE.
     56=== Spectrum Management rApp
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