== LTE Unlicensed (LTE-U) ==

[[TOC(Other/Summer/2015*, depth=3)]]

=== Introduction ===
Long-Term Evolution (LTE) is the latest high-speed data standard of wireless communication. It is usually known as 4G LTE in cellphone or mobile devices.

LTE in Unlicensed (LTE-U) operates in open/unlicensed spectrum, such as in the 5GHz band. It aggregates with the licensed LTE in order to increase the data rate of the Advanced LTE system (unlicensed and licensed LTE system).

With the massive growth in data traffic and mobile devices, it is necessary to expand the mobile network system. While the licensed spectrum is limited in amount, the possible solution should be using the available unlicensed spectrum, even it might be conflict with the exist network, such as Wi-Fi.

It is recently proposed by Qualcomm, Ericsson, and Verizon that LTE-U should be utilize in unlicensed spectrum on the 5725-5850 MHz band so that it could be a "nice neighbor" with Wi-Fi.

=== Objectives ===
First, we researched on LTE, LTE-U and Wi-Fi spectrum in advance.

Second, we simulated the LTE-U base station in ORBIT Lab using OMF commands, WiMax, and OpenAirInterface.

Third, we tested it to work together with Wi-Fi signal, and collect the result.

=== Theory ===


{{{#!html
<table align=center cellpadding=10 width=50%>
  <tr>
    <td><img src="http://www.orbit-lab.org/raw-attachment/wiki/Other/Summer/2015/aSDR3/OpenAirInterface.png" width=100%></td>
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    <td><center><b>Figure 1. OpenAir LTE Protocol<b><center></td>
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===== OpenAir0 =====

===== OpenAir1 =====

===== OpenAir2 =====

===== OpenAir3 =====



=== Analyzing Tools ===
===== GNU Radio  =====

===== Spectrum Analyzer  =====

===== Signal-to-Noise Ratio (SNR)  =====
There are 2 methods to approximate the SNR.

Method 1:  Estimate the noise power by measure the received signal power when transmitter is turned off.

Method 2: Estimate the noise power by calculate the received signal variance.

noise = variance = mean ( signal - mean ( signal ) )

noise [dB] = 10 log (noise power)

signal [dB] = 10 log (signal power)

SNR = signal power / noise power

SNR [dB] = signal [dB] - noise [dB]

=== Experiments ===
==== Experiment 1: ====
==== Experiment 2: ====

==== Experiment 3: ====

==== Experiment 4: ====

==== Experiment 5: ====

=== Members ===
*Led by Dola Saha and Prof. Ivan Seskar

Cat Le, Electrical and Computer Engineering, Rutgers University

Demetrios Lambropoulos, Electrical and Computer Engineering, Rutgers University

Steven Cheng, Rutgers University

=== Materials ===
[http://www.orbit-lab.org/attachment/wiki/Other/Summer/2015/aSDR3/Week_1.pdf Presentation: Week 1]

[http://www.orbit-lab.org/attachment/wiki/Other/Summer/2015/aSDR3/Week_2.pdf Presentation: Week 2]

[http://www.orbit-lab.org/attachment/wiki/Other/Summer/2015/aSDR3/Week_3.pdf Presentation: Week 3]

[http://www.orbit-lab.org/attachment/wiki/Other/Summer/2015/aSDR3/Week_4.pdf Presentation: Week 4]

[http://www.orbit-lab.org/attachment/wiki/Other/Summer/2015/aSDR3/Week_5.pdf Presentation: Week 5]

[http://www.orbit-lab.org/attachment/wiki/Other/Summer/2015/aSDR3/Week_6.pdf Presentation: Week 6]

[http://www.orbit-lab.org/attachment/wiki/Other/Summer/2015/aSDR3/Week_7.pdf Presentation: Week 7]

[http://www.orbit-lab.org/attachment/wiki/Other/Summer/2015/aSDR3/OpenAirInterface.pdf Presentation: Week 7b - OpenAirInterface]

[http://www.orbit-lab.org/attachment/wiki/Other/Summer/2015/aSDR3/Week_8.pdf Presentation: Week 8]

=== Resources ===
[http://www.nctatechnicalpapers.com/Paper/2014/2014-lte-unlicensed-augmenting-mobile-data-capacity-but-coexistence-needs-consideration LTE Unlicensed Augmenting Mobile Data Capacity But Coexistence Needs Consideration]

[http://www.huawei.com/ilink/en/download/HW_327803 U-LTE: Unlicensed Spectrum Utilization of LTE]

[https://www.qualcomm.com/media/documents/files/white-paper-extending-lte-advanced-to-unlicensed-spectrum.pdf Extending LTE Advanced to Unlicensed Spectrum]

[http://www.signalsresearch.com/Docs/LTE%20U%20SRG_whitepaper_120214.pdf The Prospect Of LTE And Wi-Fi Sharing Unlicensed Spectrum]